Nearly half of LayerZero apps use 1-of-1 verifier

Dune Analytics analyzed roughly 2,665 LayerZero omnichain application (OApp) contracts over the past 90 days and found that 47% use a 1-of-1 Decentralized Verifier Network (DVN) configuration. The analysis showed 45% of the contracts use a 2-of-2 verifier setup and about 5% require three or more independent verifiers.

LayerZero’s DVN model lets developers set how many independent verifiers must confirm a cross-chain message before it is accepted on a destination chain. A 1-of-1 DVN requires a single operator to sign messages for validation, while 2-of-2 and higher-threshold setups require multiple operators to sign.

Dune’s dataset records how projects configure verifier counts across chains, assets and deployments. The KelpDAO rsETH exploit involved a contract that Dune’s data shows was configured with a 1-of-1 DVN.

Dune noted its DVN counts do not provide a complete security assessment. The report lists other relevant factors, including how independent verifier operators are from one another, whether projects use optional checks or higher thresholds, and the total value of assets processed by an application.

The dashboard examined unique OApp contracts and did not measure off-chain protections or application-layer safeguards. The data present a breakdown of verifier configurations and leave interpretation of risk to readers.

LayerZero’s model places the choice of verifier count in the hands of app developers, so configurations vary across the ecosystem. The analysis covers recent configurations and does not assign security grades to projects.